Quality assurance (QA) has always been critical to software development, ensuring that applications work as intended. Yet the field is undergoing rapid shifts due to cloud computing, automation, and, most significantly, artificial intelligence (AI). Once, testers focused on manual validation; now, they build and maintain sophisticated automated frameworks. AI-driven tests also present new complexities, particularly when evaluating neural networks and adaptive systems that learn as they go. QA engineers must understand these evolving layers to anticipate potential issues early.